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Not all real estate exams are created equal. The difference between the easiest and hardest states is dramatic — from 75 questions with a 70% passing score to 195 questions requiring 75% on both portions. If you are choosing where to get licensed or wondering why your state's exam feels so tough, here is how all 50 states stack up.
We evaluated difficulty using four factors:
Florida has the lowest first-time pass rate in the country. The 100-question combined exam requires a 75% score, and the FREC-heavy content catches many candidates off guard. The 63-hour pre-license requirement is moderate, but the exam difficulty more than makes up for it.
California's 150-question combined exam is lengthy and covers a wide range of topics. The DRE administers the exam directly — not a third-party testing company. The 135-hour pre-license education requirement is the third-highest in the country.
Colorado does not have a salesperson license — everyone is licensed as a Broker. The 154-question exam requires 75% on both portions, and the 168-hour education requirement is among the highest nationally.
With only 75 questions and a 90-minute time limit, the New York exam is one of the shortest but also one of the most demanding. Every question carries heavy weight, and the pace leaves little room for second-guessing.
Texas requires 180 hours of pre-license education — the highest in the country. The 125-question exam covers TREC promulgated forms, community property, and homestead rights. The 66% passing score is generous, but the volume of material is overwhelming.
Nevada's exam requires a 75% score and covers both general real estate principles and Nevada-specific regulations governing the Las Vegas and Reno markets.
Georgia's 152-question exam is one of the longest, with a substantial 52-question state portion covering GREC regulations and Georgia-specific disclosure requirements.
Oregon requires 150 hours of pre-license education and licenses all agents as Brokers. The exam has 130 questions with a 75% passing score.
Arizona has the longest exam in the country at 195 questions over 5 hours. The 95-question state portion is the largest of any state, covering ADRE rules, Article XXVI, and the Recovery Fund.
Virginia's 120-question exam requires 75% on both portions, with a relatively tight 150-minute time limit. The state portion covers Virginia-specific topics like the Wet Settlement Act and residential property disclosures.
On the other end of the spectrum, these states have the highest pass rates:
These states generally have fewer questions, lower passing scores, and more manageable education requirements.
Three factors contribute most to exam difficulty:
Combined vs. Separate Portions: States with combined exams (California, Florida, New York, New Jersey) tend to have lower pass rates because candidates cannot rely on a strong performance in one portion to offset a weak performance in the other.
State-Specific Content Volume: States with large state portions (Arizona: 95 questions, Colorado: 74 questions, North Carolina: 60 questions) require candidates to master a significant body of state-specific law in addition to national content.
Time Pressure: States with tight time limits relative to question count (New York: 72 seconds per question, Virginia: 75 seconds per question) add pressure that affects performance.
No matter which state you are in, the preparation strategy is the same:
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